据绿润百科网站「一抹红尘」消息,近日,请问粤语和普通话有多久历史了?普通话的来源和历史「干货」引发热议,普通话的来源和历史同样引起许多争议,对此众网友各抒己见。但到底是怎么回事呢?绿润百科为您解答。

粤语和 普通话有多久 历史了

1、粤语自秦朝至今,约有2200多年的历史。粤语又作广东话、广府话,俗称白话,海外称唐话,是一种汉藏语系汉语族的声调语言,中国七大方言之一,也是汉族广府民系的母语。粤语发源于古代中原雅言,具有完整的九声六调,较完美地保留古汉语特征。

2、普通话距今有100多年的历史。1902年,学者吴汝纶去日本考察,日本人曾向他建议中国应该推行国语教育来统一语言。在谈话中就曾提到“普通话”这一名称。1904年,近代女革命家秋瑾留学日本时,曾与留日学生组织了一个“演说联系会”,拟定了一份简章,在这份简章中就出现了“普通话”的名称。清廷1909年规定北京官话为“国语”,民国时期多次制定国语读音,新中国成立后1955年规定国家通用语言为普通话。国语的前身是明清官话,更早之前则称为雅言。普通话可看作官话方言,从《唐韵》到宋代《广韵》和明代初期的《洪武正韵》是继承。

普通话的来源和历史

普通话是现代汉语标准化的口语形式,是中国大陆和台湾地区公共场合的标准语言,并且也是联合国工作语言之一。普通话的来源即中国北方官话。官话在历史上曾经是中国封建皇宫的官府员工的交流语言,是封建社会中贵族和文化人士普遍使用的语言。

自元代以来,官话逐渐成为中央政府中贵族之间交流所使用的语言,也是中国历史上封建文化的代表。普通话的基础是北京官话,源自清朝北京方言,成为现代汉语的标准语言,源于20世纪初期左右,为了带动汉语的升级和标准化而推广。

1921年,中国国民政府在北京成立了国立北京方言研究院,开始着手开展官话普及工作,并在1924年制定了官话拼音方案,即“国音字母”。1949年新中国成立后,推动普及普通话的工作更加深入,1955年国务院正式实行了普通话作为全国性标准语言的政策,让普通话在全国范围内广泛使用。

普通话的标准化受到传统方言的影响,不同区域的方言音韵与普通话存在一定差异。为了符合语言规范化的要求,当前已经实施了多次普通话音韵规范化修订,以使之与各地方言的语音相同。

随着改革开放的深入和现代化的进展,汉语的地位日益提高,而普通话也逐渐成为外国人学习汉语的重要入门语言。如今,在全球范围内,普通话已成为汉语传播的最重要载体之一,也成为中华文化的重要代表之一。

【英文介绍/For English】:

1. Cantonese has a history of more than 2,200 years since the Qin Dynasty. Cantonese is also known as Cantonese and Cantonese, commonly known as vernacular, and overseas as Tanghua. It is a tonal language of the Chinese family of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Cantonese originated from the ancient Central Plains dialect, which has a complete set of nine tones and six tones, and perfectly retains the characteristics of ancient Chinese.

2. Putonghua has a history of more than 100 years. In 1902, the scholar Wu Rulun went to Japan for inspection, and the Japanese suggested to him that China should implement national language education to unify the language. The name "Mandarin" was mentioned in the conversation. In 1904, when the modern female revolutionary Qiu Jin was studying in Japan, she organized a "speech contact meeting" with the students studying in Japan and drew up a brochure, in which the name "Mandarin" appeared. In 1909, the Qing government stipulated that Beijing Mandarin should be the "national language". During the period of the Republic of China, the pronunciation of the national language was formulated several times. The predecessor of Mandarin is Ming and Qing official dialect, and earlier it was called Yayan. Putonghua can be regarded as the official dialect, which is inherited from "Tang Yun" to "Guang Yun" in Song Dynasty and "Hongwu Zhengyun" in the early Ming Dynasty.