山西大同盆地北部地热地质特征及资源潜力
Geothermal geological characteristics and resource potential in the north of Datong Basin, Shanxi Province
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摘要:
研究目的 大同盆地为新生代断陷盆地，具有较优越的地热地质条件，但由于盆内地球物理和钻探资料较少，针对盆地结构、沉积地层分布、地热地质特征和资源评价研究相对薄弱，在一定程度上制约了对大同盆地地热资源的潜力认识和开发利用。
研究方法 本文综合应用新的二维地震及钻测井等油气和地热勘探资料，开展了大同盆地北部地质结构、断裂、沉积地层、地热地质特征等研究，评价了地热资源潜力，估算了地热资源量，指出了地热资源有利区。
研究结果 将大同盆地划分为怀仁凹陷、桑干河凹陷、应县凹陷和黄花梁低凸起、桑干河西凸起5个二级构造单元；盆地北部（大同市境内）具有较好的地热地质条件及地热资源潜力，主要发育新近系砂岩和太古界基岩两套热储层，并发育较厚的第四纪热盖层，新生代拉张作用和火山活动强烈，总体处于大地热流高值区，具备新近系砂岩和太古界基岩层状地热资源潜力，总静态资源量约68.8×1015 kJ，折合标煤约23.47亿t。
结论 综合评价认为大同盆地怀仁凹陷西部和桑干河凹陷北部为水热型地热资源一类区，是地热勘探开发有利目标区，热储埋深大于2000 m，预测平均水温大于60℃，单井涌水量可达60 m3/h，怀仁凹陷东北部和桑干河凹陷西南部为地热资源二类区，黄花梁低凸起和桑干河西凸起区地热资源相对较差。
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关键词:
- 地震勘探 /
- 地热资源 /
- 热储层 /
- 地热资源潜力评价 /
- 地热地质调查工程 /
- 大同断陷盆地 /
- 山西省
Abstract:This paper is the result of geothermal survey engineering.
Objective The Datong Basin is a Cenozoic rifted basin with superior geothermal geological conditions. But due to the scarcity of geophysical and drilling data in the basin, the research on the basin structure, sedimentary stratigraphy distribution, geothermal geological characteristics and resource evaluation is relatively weak, which partly restricts the understanding of the potential of the geothermal resources of the Datong Basin, as well as the exploitation and utilization of the geothermal resources.
Methods In this paper, the new 2D seismic, regional geological survey, drilling and logging wells and other oil and gas and exploration data are comprehensively applied to carry out the research on the geological structure, fracture, sedimentary stratigraphy, and geothermal geological characteristics of the northern Datong Basin, and then evaluated the potential of geothermal resources, estimated the amount of geothermal resources, and pointed out the favorable zones of geothermal resources.
Results The Datong Basin is divided into five tectonic units: the Huairen sag, the Sanganhe sag, the Yingxian sag, the Huanghualiang low uplift and the Sanganhe low uplift. The northern part of the basin (within Datong City) is characterized by good geothermal geological conditions and resource potentials, with the development of two sets of thermal reservoirs: Neocene sandstone and Basement rock, and a thick Quaternary thermal cover, and the Cenozoic is characterized by strong tensional and volcanic activities, and is generally at the high value of geothermal heat flow. The area is in the high value of geothermal flow, and has the potential of geothermal resources of Neocene sandstone and Basement rock, with a total static resource of about 68.8×1015 kJ, which is equivalent to about 2.347 billion tons of standard coal.
Conclusions The comprehensive evaluation concludes that the western part of Huairen sag and the northern part of Sangganhe sag in Datong Basin are hydrothermal geothermal resource first-class areas, which are favorable target areas for geothermal exploration and development, with the buried depth of thermal reservoir more than 2000 m, the predicted average water temperature greater than 60℃, and the inflow volume of a single well up to 60 m3/h. The northeastern part of Huairen sag and the southwestern part of Sangganhe sag are geothermal resource second-class areas. The geothermal resources of Huanghualiang low uplift and Sangganhe low uplift area are relatively poor.
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Key words:
- seismic exploration /
- geothermal resources /
- thermal reservoirs /
- potential evaluation of geothermal resources /
- geothermal survey engineering /
- Datong fault depression basin /
- Shanxi Province
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图 1 大同盆地简略构造图及构造单元划分图
Figure 1.
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图 2 大同盆地北西-南东向地质结构剖面图（剖面位置、断层编号及名称见 图 1）
Figure 2.
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图 3 大同盆地过应县凹陷北西-南东向地震地质解释剖面（剖面位置、断层编号及名称见 图 1）
Figure 3.
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图 4 大同盆地北部地温等值线图
Figure 4.
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图 5 DR1井水温、地热梯度随深度变化曲线
Figure 5.
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图 6 大同市北部地热系统成因模式图（剖面位置见 图 1）
Figure 6.
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图 7 大同市大同盆地区地热资源有综合评价图
Figure 7.
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表 1 大同盆地构造单元划分表
Table 1. Division of structural units in the Datong Basin
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表 2 大同盆地怀仁凹陷怀地1井砂岩热储厚度统计
Table 2. Statistics of sandstone thermal storage thickness in Well Huaidi 1, Huairen Sag, Datong Basin
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表 3 大同盆地怀仁凹陷怀地1井砂岩热储物性统计
Table 3. Statistics of thermal storage properties of sandstone in Well Huaidi 1, Huairen Sag, Datong Basin
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表 4 大同盆地北部（大同市内）地热资源量估算参数
Table 4. Estimated parameters of geothermal resources in the northern part of Datong Basin, Datong City
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表 5 大同市大同盆地区地热资源有利区评价标准
Table 5. Evaluation criteria of favorable geothermal resources in Datong Basin, Datong City
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