最详细的Fragment+ViewPager2使用详解

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-27 17:53:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-27 17:53:37 发布

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： android java android studio

本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_65337539/article/details/127429419

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这是实现效果

最简单的水平翻页

学习ViewPager2之前,建议先学习使用Fragment

ViewPager2属于新增的配件,需要在项目的中添加相应的依赖.

implementation 'androidx.viewpager2:viewpager2:1.0.0'

1.碎片布局

首先先创建一个碎片

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/white"
    tools:context=".BlankFragment"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/mTextView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="36sp"
        android:gravity="center"/>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="36sp"
        android:id="@+id/anotherTextView"
        android:gravity="center"/>


</LinearLayout>

在这里创建了两个TextView

public class BlankFragment extends Fragment {

    private static final String TAG = "BlankFragment";

    private static final String ARG_PARAM1 = "param1";
    private static final String ARG_PARAM2 = "param2";
    String mTextString1 = "xxx";
    String mTextString2 = "xxx";
    View rootView;

    public static BlankFragment newInstance(String param1, String param2) {
        Log.d(TAG, "newInstance: 从主函数那边调过来创建碎片的实例");

        BlankFragment fragment = new BlankFragment();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM1, param1);
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM2, param2);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: 在这里创建碎片");
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getArguments() != null) {
            mTextString1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
            mTextString2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView: 在这里加载视图");

        if(rootView == null) {
            rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank, container, false);
        }
        initView();
        return rootView;
    }

    private void initView() {
        TextView textView = rootView.findViewById(R.id.mTextView);
        TextView textView1 = rootView.findViewById(R.id.anotherTextView);
        textView.setText(mTextString1);
        textView1.setText(mTextString2);
    }
}

这里使用了newInstance来给碎片传入信息,确保传递给碎片的信息不会丢失.

如果你使用了碎片的构造函数来给碎片传递信息,如果此时旋转屏幕,会发生什么呢?

活动的销毁和创建,与此对应碎片也会销毁和创建,系统会自动帮你创建一个碎片,但是在创建碎片的时候只会调用碎片的无参构造函数,此时你向碎片中传递的信息就会丢失.

所以建议使用newInstance来给碎片传递信息

2.适配器

public class MyAdapter extends FragmentStateAdapter {

    private static final String TAG = "MyAdapter";
    List<Fragment> fragments = new ArrayList<>();

    public MyAdapter(@NonNull FragmentManager fragmentManager, @NonNull Lifecycle lifecycle, List<Fragment> fragments) {
        super(fragmentManager, lifecycle);
        Log.d(TAG, "MyAdapter: 这是那个适配器的构造函数");
        this.fragments = fragments;
        Log.d(TAG, "MyAdapter: ");
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public Fragment createFragment(int position) {
        Log.d(TAG, "createFragment: 看看这是第几个视图" + position);
        return fragments.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return fragments.size();
    }
}

3.主布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:id="@+id/myViewPager"
        android:background="@color/purple_500"
        />

</LinearLayout>

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ViewPager2 viewPager2;

    private List<Fragment> fragments = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initPage();
        viewPager2 = findViewById(R.id.myViewPager);
        MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),
                getLifecycle(),fragments);
        viewPager2.setAdapter(myAdapter);
    }

    private void initPage() {
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我最帅","1"));
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我最丑","2"));
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我很帅","3"));
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我很丑","4"));
    }
}

ViewPager的运行结果如下:

此时向右边滑动,进入下一个视图

和TabLayout联动

直接给主布局添加

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:id="@+id/myViewPager"
        android:background="@color/purple_500"
        />

    <com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/tabLayout"/>

</LinearLayout>

给主活动添加

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ViewPager2 viewPager2;
    TabLayout tabLayout;

    private List<Fragment> fragments = new ArrayList<>();
    private List<String> tablayoutdata = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initPage();
        viewPager2 = findViewById(R.id.myViewPager);
        MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),
                getLifecycle(),fragments);
        viewPager2.setAdapter(myAdapter);

        tabLayout = findViewById(R.id.tabLayout);
        new TabLayoutMediator(tabLayout, viewPager2, new TabLayoutMediator.TabConfigurationStrategy() {
            @Override
            public void onConfigureTab(@NonNull TabLayout.Tab tab, int position) {
                tab.setText(tablayoutdata.get(position));
            }
        }).attach();

    }

    private void initPage() {
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我最帅","1"));
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我最丑","2"));
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我很帅","3"));
        fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我很丑","4"));

        tablayoutdata.add("1");
        tablayoutdata.add("2");
        tablayoutdata.add("3");
        tablayoutdata.add("4");
    }
}

TabLayout会随着ViewPager滑动滑动,点击TabLayout也会直接跳转到响应的碎片当中.