MATLAB 车牌识别程序介绍 SVM、神经网络[毕业设计]

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已于 2022-02-23 21:36:38 修改

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分类专栏： MATLAB 文章标签： matlab 车牌识别

于 2022-02-16 19:22:56 首次发布

本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34995963/article/details/122970294

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这个文章介绍使用matlab 识别车牌内的信息：

识别的步骤如下：

1、导入图片

2、定位到车牌矩形框的位置

3、进行畸形矫正

4、字符分割

5、生成字符库

6、SVM训练

7、基于SVM 车牌识别系统的设计

由于需要进行SVM训练所以需要建立一个对应的车牌字符库

下面建立一个生成字符库的APP ,来生成对应的库

然后会生成一个下面这样的字符库最后可以通过SVM 训练

关于SVM 的训练可以参考这篇博客
基于MATLAB，使用SVM和ANN实现车牌识别_weixin_42864037的博客-CSDN博客_matlab svm车牌识别

由于该程序的图片是灰度的所以需要对函数进行相应的更改然后就可以进行训练了：

提取图片特征函数：

function [trainingFeatures,trainingLabels,testFeatures,testLabels]=extractFeature(trainingSet,testSet)
%% 确定特征向量尺寸
img = read(trainingSet(1),1);
%转化为灰度图像
% img=im2gray(img);
% %转化为2值图像
% lvl = graythresh(img);
% img = im2bw(img, lvl);
img=imresize(img,[256 256]);
cellSize = [4 4];
[hog_feature, vis_hog] = extractHOGFeatures(img,'CellSize',cellSize);
glcm_feature = getGLCMFeatures(img);
SizeOfFeature = length(hog_feature)+ length(glcm_feature);

trainingFeatures = [];
trainingLabels   = [];
for digit = 1:numel(trainingSet)       
    numImages = trainingSet(digit).Count;
    features  = zeros(numImages, SizeOfFeature, 'single');%初始化特征向量
    % 遍历每张图片
    for i = 1:numImages
        img = read(trainingSet(digit), i);% 取出第i张图片        
%         img=rgb2gray(img);                % 转化为灰度图像
%         glcm_feature = getGLCMFeatures(img);  % 提取GLCM特征       
%         lvl = graythresh(img);            % 阈值化
%         img = im2bw(img, lvl);            % 转化为2值图像
        img=imresize(img,[256 256]);
        % 提取HOG特征
        [hog_feature, vis_hog] = extractHOGFeatures(img,'CellSize',cellSize);       
        % 合并两个特征
        features(i, :) = [hog_feature glcm_feature];
    end
    % 使用图像描述作为训练标签
    labels = repmat(trainingSet(digit).Description, numImages, 1);  
    % 逐个添加每张训练图片的特征和标签
    trainingFeatures = [trainingFeatures; features];
    trainingLabels   = [trainingLabels; labels];       
end

testFeatures = [];
testLabels   = [];
for digit = 1:numel(testSet)           
    numImages = testSet(digit).Count;    %初始化特征向量
    features  = zeros(numImages, SizeOfFeature, 'single');    
    for i = 1:numImages        
        img = read(testSet(digit), i);        %转化为灰度图像
%         img=rgb2gray(img);
%         glcm_feature = getGLCMFeatures(img);        %转化为2值图像
%         lvl = graythresh(img);
%         img = im2bw(img, lvl);
        img=imresize(img,[256 256]);
        [hog_4x4, vis4x4] = extractHOGFeatures(img,'CellSize',cellSize);
        features(i, :) = [hog_4x4 glcm_feature];
    end    
    % 使用图像描述作为训练标签
    labels = repmat(testSet(digit).Description, numImages, 1);    
    testFeatures = [testFeatures; features];
    testLabels=[testLabels; labels];
        
end
end

function [features] = getGLCMFeatures(image)
features_all  = [];
for i = 1:10
    glcm = graycomatrix(image, 'Offset', [0,i]);
    stats = graycoprops(glcm);
    
    glcm45 = graycomatrix(image, 'Offset', [-i,i]);
    stats45 = graycoprops(glcm45);
    
    glcm90 = graycomatrix(image, 'Offset', [-i,0]);
    stats90 = graycoprops(glcm90);
    
    glcm135 = graycomatrix(image, 'Offset', [-i,-i]);
    stats135 = graycoprops(glcm135);
    
    stats7x4 = [stats.Contrast stats.Correlation stats.Energy stats.Homogeneity;
        stats45.Contrast stats45.Correlation stats45.Energy stats45.Homogeneity;
        stats90.Contrast stats90.Correlation stats90.Energy stats90.Homogeneity;
        stats135.Contrast stats135.Correlation stats135.Energy stats135.Homogeneity];
    features_all = [features_all mean(stats7x4,1) std(stats7x4,0,1)];
end
features = features_all;

clear;
dir=('\DataWork\车牌识别SVM\GUI\train');
testdir=('\DataWork\车牌识别SVM\GUI\train');
trainingSet = imageSet(dir,'recursive');
testSet = imageSet(testdir,'recursive');

[trainingFeatures,trainingLabels,testFeatures,testLabels]=extractFeature(trainingSet,testSet);

classifier = fitcecoc(trainingFeatures, trainingLabels);
save classifier.mat classifier -v7.3;
predictedLabels = predict(classifier, testFeatures);

confMat=confusionmat(testLabels, predictedLabels)
accuracy=(confMat(1,1)/sum(confMat(1,:))+confMat(2,2)/sum(confMat(2,:)))/2

          
load classifier.mat;     % 加载训练好的SVM模型            
             
img=imread("img034-00026.png");                
glcm_feature = getGLCMFeatures(img);     %提取GLCM特征                
% lvl = graythresh(img);                
% img = im2bw(img, lvl);                
img=imresize(img,[256 256]);                
[hog_4x4, ~] = extractHOGFeatures(img,'CellSize',[4 4]);      %提取HOG特征                
testFeature = [hog_4x4 glcm_feature];       %合并特征                                
predictedLabel = predict(classifier, testFeature) %使用predict函数进行分类